Investigating Ecotourism Opportunities Measurements in a Complex Adaptive System: A Systematic Literature Review

Identifying and quantifying ecotourism opportunities are critical processes in sustainable tourism planning, which is challenging, since a Complex Adaptive System (CAS). This study investigated Ecotourism Opportunities Measurements (EOMs) the literature mapped research trends to provide practical implications for this area. A systematic quantitative review began with scientometric analysis CiteSpace examine existing knowledge state of art EOMs. The Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was then applied refine initial search results, snowballing used collect additional articles. refined set thematically coded quantitatively analyzed. Our findings show that studies on predominantly focus impacts environment, stakeholders’ contributions toward development, sustainability, responsible behavior local communities promotion. In addition, five dimensions have been identified under can be measured, including nature, environmental education/protection, socio-cultural benefits, tourist satisfaction. Existing scales or indices assess potential destinations qualitatively rather than quantitatively. contrast, an index-based approach might help solve challenges evaluating as CAS, well support decision-making related